Me ka holomua mau o nā ʻenehana, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena onā lima manipulator ʻoihanaa ʻo nā lima kanaka ka maʻalahi a me ke ahonui. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ka manipulator hiki iā ia ke hana i ka neʻe like me nā manawa he nui ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau me ka luhi ʻole! Ma ke ʻano he lako hana hana ʻakomi kiʻekiʻe i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, hiki i ka manipulator ke hana pololei i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻia nā manipulators ʻoihana i nā manipulators hydraulic, pneumatic, uila a me mechanical e like me ke ʻano hoʻokele.
Ma muli o ka puka mua ʻana o nā robots kahiko, ua hoʻomaka ka noiʻi ʻana i nā manipulators i ka waena o ke kenekulia 20. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kamepiula a me ka ʻenehana automation, ʻoiai mai ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ke kamepiula uila kikohoʻe mua i ka makahiki 1946, ua holomua kupaianaha nā kamepiula i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ka mana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka pono wikiwiki no ka hana nui ʻana ua hoʻokele i ka holomua o ka ʻenehana automation, ka mea i hoʻokumu i ke kahua no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā manipulators.
Ua koi ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana ikehu nukelea i kekahi mīkini e pani i nā kānaka i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā mea radioactive. Ma muli o kēia kumu, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kahi manipulator mamao i ka makahiki 1947 a me kahi manipulator haku-kauā mechanical i ka makahiki 1948.
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo omea hoʻopunipuni ʻoihanaua hāpai mua ʻia a ua patent ʻia e Devol i ka makahiki 1954. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka patent ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā hui o ka manipulator me ke kōkua o ka ʻenehana servo, a hoʻohana i nā lima kanaka e aʻo i ka manipulator e neʻe, a hiki i ka manipulator ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā neʻe.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka lopako hoʻopaʻa mua e United Controls i ka makahiki 1958. ʻO nā kumu hoʻohālike mua loa o nā huahana lopako (ke aʻo ʻana i ka hana hou ʻana) ʻo ia ka "VERSTRAN" i hoʻolauna ʻia e AMF i ka makahiki 1962 a me ka "UNIMATE" i hoʻolauna ʻia e UNIMATION. ʻO kēia mau lopako ʻoihana he mau lima a me nā lima e like me ke kanaka, hiki ke pani i ka hana kaumaha a ke kanaka e hoʻokō ai i ka mechanization a me ka automation o ka hana ʻana, hiki ke hana i nā wahi weliweli e pale i ka palekana pilikino, a no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana mīkini, metallurgy, electronics, ʻoihana māmā, a me nā ʻāpana ikehu atomika.
ʻO nā manipulator ʻoihana he mau mea hana hoʻopunipuni aunoa e hiki ke hoʻohālike i kekahi o nā hana o nā lima kanaka a me nā lima, a hopu a hāpai i nā mea a hoʻoponopono paha i nā mea hana e like me ke kaʻina hana paʻa. No kekahi ʻike hou aku e pili ana i nā manipulator ʻoihana, e kelepona wale akuʻO Tongli.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-19-2022